They may not be fully protected against a pretty large quantum computer. Both the calculated 159 bit and the indicated / correct answer of 128 bit strength are much stronger than a human generated password which averages about 42 bits or so if I remember correctly such a password could be brute forced.ฤก28 bit symmetric keys - which I assume is used here (apparently after a key stretching algorithm - see the other answer, which is not really needed for this kind of key strength) - are considered strong. So clearly the size of the password / key makes up for the small amount of possibilities per character. Each such number is of the form $11\times k$ with $k\in[0,2^) \approx 159$ bit key. A valid Bitlocker recovery key consists of eight exactly 6-digit decimal numbers separated by seven hyphens ( -) or space ( ) signs.Based on official doc here, unofficial doc there, and confirmed by some experiments:
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